#when#高中英语学习方法之短文改错( 十 )


一、同位语从句在句中的位置
1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news,idea,fact,promise,hope,message 等)的后面 , 用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容 。 例如:
The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人 。
I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息 , 他说他今天下午不能来看你了 。
2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后 , 而被别的词语隔开 , 在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句 。 例如:
The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上 。
The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 据说他高考又落榜了 。
二、同位语从句前名词的数
同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式 , 并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰 。 例如:
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来?
Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. 答应我 , 你今天晚上要来参加我们的晚会 。
Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15,2003. 消息传来 , 中国于2003年10月15日首次成功发射了载人飞船 。
三、同位语从句连接词的选用
在英语中 , 引导同位语从句的词通常有连词(that,who,whether) , 连接副词(how, when,where)等 。 例如:
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事 , 他们都很焦虑 。
The question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该做这项工作 , 这个问题需要考虑 。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 我们还没有决定到什么地方去度暑假 。
注:在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接;在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接 。 例如:
We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time. 我们怀疑他们是否能准时完成任务 。
There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise. 我们相信张卫会守信的 。
同位语从句:that
有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句:
We came to the decision that we must act at once. 我们做出决定:我们必须立即行动 。
He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone. 他提议会议延期 。
There was little hope that he would survive. 他幸存的希望很小 。
以下名词常用于以上句型:
advice,announcement,argument,belief,claim,conclusion,decision,evidence,explanation, fact,feeling,hope,idea,impression,information,knowledge,message,news,opinion, order,probability,promise,proposal,remark,reply,report,saying,statement,suggestion, thought,treat,warning,wish,word
同位语从句:whether
whether可以引导同位语从句 , 而定语从句不能用whether作为引导词 。
He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there. 他还没有做出决定是否去那里 。
I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job. 他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑 。
同位语从句:what
what可以引导同位语从句 , 而定语从句不能用what作为引导词
I have no idea what he is doing now. 我不知道他现在在干什么 。


推荐阅读