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英语写作中的过渡性词语( 六 )

生活经验英语


【方法例释】 正如我们在第七天和第八天中所介绍的 ， 段落展开的基本方法很多，这里简要介绍三种中间段中常用的展开方法：列举法、因果法、例证法 。
1.列举法：用来列举一系列的原因、方法等等 ， 使文章层次分明，眉清目秀，阅卷老师在疲惫不堪的状态下，看到这样的文章，往往会有种在清澈的小溪边小憩片刻的感觉，手一抬，分就高 。下面这篇例文写的是“健身的几种方法” ， 脉络一目了然 。例文如下：
2.因果法：说明原因，论述事理 。下面这篇作文讲的是“汉堡受欢迎的原因”，第一段提出问题“为什么受欢迎呢？”接下来在说原因时，用到了上面的列举法，只不过不是“first, second, finally”而是“first, then, besides that”，让人感觉不落俗套 。例文如下：
3.例证法：举具体的事例来证明观点，这是议论文最常用的方法 ， 尽量找最能体现观点的例子，具体点，微观点 ， 给人说服力 。请看下面作者论证“不劳无获”的观点，用的是拳击运动的例子 。例文如下：
【他山之石】
中间段常用核心句型中间段的常用核心句型，同样是20句，任你?。?
1) The change in...mainly results from ....
2) The increase in...is due to the fact that....
3) Many people would claim that....
4) One of the reasons given for...is that.... What is also worth noticing is that....
5) There are a variety of reasons for this dramatic growth in.... First, ... Second, ... Finally, ...
6) There is no evidence to suggest that....
7) Why are (is / do / did)...? For one thing, .... For another, ....
8) There are numerous reasons why..., and I shall here explore only a few of the most important ones.
9) It will exert remarkable effect on....
10) A multitude of factors could account for (contribute to) the change in....
11) With the development of..., vast changes awaits this country?s society.
12) History is filled with the examples of....
13) The story is not rare (isolated / unique), it is one of many examples.
14) As is shown in the table released by the government, it can be learned that....
15) There is (no) good evidence to....
16) We must admit the undeniable fact that....
17) No one can deny (brush aside) the fact that....
18) Experience (Evidence) suggests that....
19) The same is true of....
All lay load on the willing horse. 人善被人欺，马善被人骑 。
20) As the saying goes,“....”
八、结尾段
【方法例释】：结尾段要干脆利落，深化主题 。结尾段的写作方法很多，常用的有如下四种：
【英语写作中的过渡性词语】 1.总结归纳：简要总结归纳文章要点，以便深化主题印象 。例如：
In conclusion, I would like to say that change is a problem confronting most of us today. The changes which have already taken place in every field of our life are irreversible. Continuation of the growth which has already begun is inevitable. During this evolution there are great rewards to be won—by those who are willing to take the opportunities being offered.
2.重申主题：再次强调和确定文章开头阐述的中心思想 。例如：
Admittedly, science has created atomic bombs and produced pervasive pollution. But it has transformed the lives of millions of people. It has multiplied man?s energy, hopes, ambitions and understanding. It has elevated and will continue to elevate man intellectually and spiritually.
3.预测展望：立足当前，放眼未来 。例如：
It is time that the government should speak out against corruption and take strong action to punish whoever takes bribes or embezzles fund. For present official corruption, if permitted to continue, will not only tarnish the government?s popularity, but lead to its ultimate downfall.
4.提出建议：提出解决问题的途径、方法或呼吁人们采取相应的行动 。例如：
College athletics plays such a vital role that it deserves close attention and persistent effort. It is suggested that physical training should be regarded as a required course wedged into college curricula, however crowded it may be, and that a fair share of college budget should be devoted to athletic programs. We sincerely hope that this suggestion will be a commitment that all colleges and universities will take up.
【他山之石】
结尾段的常用核心句型He who commences many things finishes but a few. 样样都搞，完成者少 。开了个好头，结尾也要漂漂亮亮 。下面是结尾段的常用核心句型，总共归纳精选了20句 。
1) Taking into account of all these factors, we may reach the conclusion that ....
2) Judging from all evidence offered，we may safely come to the conclusion that


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