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无糖无脂肪碳酸饮料会导致发胖吗?无糖饮料更容易发胖( 三 )


图维耶说，“我们不能完全排除与消费者的生活方式有关的偏差”，呼吁进一步研究以确认研究结果 。
exclude
1）表示“排除…；不考虑…；认为…不可能”，英文解释为“to decide that something is not true or possible”举个：
We can't exclude the possibility that he is dead.
我们不能排除他已经死亡的可能性 。
2）表示“阻止…进入；把…排斥在外”，英文解释为“to prevent someone or something from entering a place or taking part in an activity”举个：
Microbes must, as far as possible, be excluded from the room during an operation.
在手术过程中，要尽可能防止细菌进入手术室 。
电影《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）中的台词提到：Children, I exhort you to shun her, exclude her, shut her out from this day forth. 孩子们，奉劝你们离她远点，排斥她，从今天起与她隔绝 。

无糖无脂肪碳酸饮料会导致发胖吗?无糖饮料更容易发胖

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bias
表示“偏见；偏心；偏向；偏差”，英文解释为“a strong feeling in favour of or against one group of people, or one side in an argument, often not based on fair judgement”举个：
Employers must consider all candidates impartially and without bias.
雇主必须公平而毫无成见地考虑所有求职者 。
The US National Cancer Institute and Cancer Research UK both say that sweeteners do not cause cancer, and they have been authorised for use by the European Food Safety Authority.
美国国家癌症研究所和英国癌症研究中心都表示，甜味剂不会导致癌症，而且它们已经被欧洲食品安全局授权使用 。
authorise
表示“批准，准许；授权，委托”，英文解释为“to give official permission for something to happen, or to give someone official permission to do something”举个：
I authorised my bank to pay her 3,000.
我授权我的开户银行支付她3000英镑 。
"The relationship between artificial sweetener consumption and cancer risk is a controversial one, going back to the 1970s when (sweetener) cyclamate was banned for being linked to bladder cancer in rats -- although this was never shown to be the case in humans," said James Brown, a biomedical scientist at Britain's Aston University.
英国阿斯顿大学的生物医学科学家詹姆斯·布朗（James Brown）说：“食用人工甜味剂和癌症风险之间的关系是一个有争议的问题，可以追溯到20世纪70年代，当时（甜味剂）甜蜜素（cyclamate）因与大鼠的膀胱癌有关而被禁止使用--尽管这从未在人类身上得到证实 。”
cyclamate
cyclamate /saklmet, sklmet/ 表示“有害的糖精；环磺酸盐”，英文解释为“salt or ester of cyclamic acid. Certain of the salts have a very sweet taste and were formerly used as food additives and sugar substitutes”
bladder
表示“膀胱”，英文解释为“an organ like a bag inside the body of a person or animal, where urine is stored before it leaves the body”如：to empty your bladder (= urinate) 撒尿 。
Brown, who was not involved in the study, told AFP that it was "reasonably well-designed" and had an "impressive" sample size.
布朗没有参与这项研究，他告诉法新社，这项研究“设计得相当好”，而且其样本量“令人印象深刻” 。
But he added he did not "believe the current study provides strong enough evidence" for Britain's National Health Service to "change its advice just yet".
但他补充说，他并不“认为目前的研究提供了足够有力的证据”，使英国国家卫生服务部门“暂时改变其建议" 。
Michael Jones of The Institute of Cancer Research, London said that the link reported in the study "does not imply causation" and was "not proof that artificial sweeteners cause cancer".
伦敦癌症研究所的迈克尔·琼斯（Michael Jones）说，研究中指出的联系“并不意味着因果关系”，“不能证明人工甜味剂会导致癌症” 。
causation
causation /kze.n/ 表示“因果过程；因果关系”，英文解释为“the process of causing something to happen or exist”
He said the findings could suggest that "cancer risk may be raised in the type of person who uses artificial sweetener rather than the sweetener itself."
他说，这些发现可能表明，“食用人工甜味剂的人的类型，而不是甜味剂本身，癌症风险可能会提高 。”
Thursday's findings also do not mean consumers should rush back to sugary drinks -- a 2019 NutriNet-Sante study found that they were also linked to a higher risk of several cancer types.
周四的研究结果也不意味着消费者应该急于回归饮用含糖饮料--2019年NutriNet-Sante的一项研究发现，它们也与几种癌症类型的高风险有关 。
Brown said that not all sweeteners were equal, with some such as stevia showing health benefits.


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