未完待续 初中英语语法大全——形容词,副词


未完待续 初中英语语法大全——形容词,副词

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六、形容词、副词:
1、形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词 。
1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语 。
【未完待续 初中英语语法大全——形容词,副词】2、形容词在句子中的位置:
⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前 。如:abig yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)
⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后 。如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)
⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后 。如:We must try our best to keep our environmentclean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)
⑷后置的情况:
①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后 。如:Something serioushas happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)
②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置 。如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米 。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres awayfrom the earth.(月球离地38万公里)
3、有关形容词的用法辨析:
⑴ whole与all:记住两个词序:① the whole + 名词; ②all (of) the+ 名词 。如:He was busy the wholemorning.(整个早晨他都很忙) / He can remember all the words he learns.(他能记住学过的所有单词)
⑵ tall与high, short与low:指人的个子时用tall与short;指其他事物时一般用high与low 。如:He’s very tall/short.(他个子高/矮)/ Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的两侧有高大的树木) / A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)
⑶real与true:real一般指东西的真假,译为“真的”;而true则指事情或消息的可靠性,译为“真实的” 。如:This is a real diamond(钻石) and it’s very expensive.(这是货真价实的钻石,非常贵) / --Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真实吗? 是的,我亲耳所听)
⑷ interested与interesting的区别:interesting指人或东西“有趣的”,作定语或表语,而interested则表示人对别的事物“感兴趣的”,只能作表语 。如:The man is very interestingand all the children like him. (这个人很有趣,孩子们都喜欢他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(这本书很有趣,你会真正获得享受) / I am interested in science.(我对自然科学感兴趣)
⑸ such用法: such + a(n) + 名词(单数)(+that从句) 。如:I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的)boy.(我从来没有见过这么蠢的男孩) / He had such a terrible accidentthat he could never forget it.(他遭遇了这么可怕的事故,他永远也不会忘记)
⑹ good与well:表示“好”时,作定语或表语用good,作状语用well;表示“(身体)好”时用well.如:Doing sports is goodfor us.(进行运动对我们有益) / Study well and make progress every day.(好好学习,天天向上) / --How are you?—I am very well.(你好吗?我很好 。)
⑺ nice与fine:的区别:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指东西、人物外表等;fine一般指身体或天气好 。如:Let’s go and share(分享)the nice cake.(我们去分享那块美味的蛋糕吧) / She is a nice girl.(他是个漂亮的姑娘) / What a fine day!(多好的天气!) /He’s fine recently(最近).(近来他身体不错)
⑻ too much与much too:too much表示“太多的”,修饰事物数量;much too表示“太过,过分”,修饰形容词或副词 。如:I am full because I have had too muchrice.(我饱了,因为我吃了太多的米饭) / That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太贵了)
⑼ quick、fast与soon:quick与fast基本同义,quick往往指反应速度快,fast往往指运动速度快,而soon则表示时间上很快即将发生 。如:After a quickbreakfast, he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃过早饭,他朝学校赶去,却把书包忘记在家) / A train is much faster than a bus.(火车比公共汽车快得多) / His father will be back to China very soon.(他父亲很快就要返回中国)
⑽lonely与alone:lonely是表示心理活动的形容词,意思是:“孤独的,寂寞的”,作定语或表语;alone的意思是:“独自的,单独的”,指无人陪伴,仅作表语,(作为副词的alone可作状语) 。如:He lives alonebut he doesn’t feel lonely.(他一人独住,但是并不感到孤独)/ He is a lonely person.You can not easily get on well with him.(他是个孤独的人,你要和他相处好实在不易)
⑾ other与else的区别:两个词都可以作形容词,但是用法不同,other放在名词前;else修饰不定代词、疑问词、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否则”,是连词 。如:The otherstudentsare on the playground.(其他学生在操场上) / Whoelse can work out this maths problem?(还有谁能解出着道数学题?) / This is nobodyelse’s money. It’s mine.(这不是别的什么人的钱,是我的 。) / Do you have anythingelse to say for yourself?(你还有什么要为自己说的吗?


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