Vagrant 搭建虚拟机环境 _Vagrant

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用 Vagrant 和 VirtualBox 来快速搭建一个开发环境是非常方便的。简单整理一下 Vagrant 搭建 VirtualBox 虚拟机的记录。
首先安装 Vagrant 和 VirtualBox ，这一步就直接省略了。自行安装即可。
什么是 Vagrant ，我们这里引用 OSChina 上面的一段话来进行解释：

Vagrant 是一个基于 Ruby 的工具，用于创建和部署虚拟化开发环境。它使用 Oracle 的开源 VirtualBox 虚拟化系统，使用 Chef 创建自动化虚拟环境。功能特性：支持快速新建虚拟机支持快速设置端口转发支持自定义镜像打包（原始镜像方式、增量补丁方式）基本上日常能用到的基础配置都能快速设置支持开机启动自动运行命令可以自己写扩展
https://www.oschina.NET/p/vagrant?hmsr=aladdin1e1

1.创建一个没有中文路径的目录，我这里创建的路径是
e:vagrantmall-node
2.启动virtual box
3.vagrant的仓库
【Vagrant 搭建虚拟机环境】https://App.vagrantup.com/boxes/search
4.执行vagrant init命令
在新建的目录下执行 vagrant init 命令

PS E:vagrantmall-node> vagrant init centos/7A `Vagrantfile` has been placed in this directory. You are nowready to `vagrant up` your first virtual environment! Please readthe comments in the Vagrantfile as well as documentation on`vagrantup.com` for more information on using Vagrant.

执行完命令后，在 e:vagrantmall-node 下建立了一个 Vagrantfile 文件
5.在 Vagrantfile 文件所在的目录下执行 vagrant up 命令

PS E:vagrantmall-node> vagrant upBringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...==> default: Importing base box 'centos/7'...==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...==> default: Setting the name of the VM: mall-node_default_1668852218722_77593==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...default: Adapter 1: nat==> default: Forwarding ports...default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)==> default: Booting VM...==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222default: SSH username: vagrantdefault: SSH auth method: private keydefault:default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replacedefault: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.default:default: Inserting generated public key within guest...default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...==> default: Machine booted and ready!==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guestdefault: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host onlydefault: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please installdefault: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue.default:default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly,default: in which case you may ignore this message.==> default: Rsyncing folder: /cygdrive/e/vagrant/mall-node/ => /vagrant

执行完成后，查看 virtual box 多了一台虚拟机

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6.执行 vagrant ssh 访问虚拟机中的 CentOS
PS E:vagrantmall-node> vagrant ssh[vagrant@localhost ~]$ lltotal 0[vagrant@localhost ~]$ pwd/home/vagrant7.查看虚拟机的网卡

[vagrant@localhost ~]$ ip a1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope hostvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 52:54:00:4d:77:d3 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 10.0.2.15/24 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic eth0valid_lft 69311sec preferred_lft 69311secinet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe4d:77d3/64 scope linkvalid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

lo是回环地址， eth0是虚拟机的IP地址， IP地址是10.0.2.15
8.修改ip地址
打开Vagrantfile文件，搜索“private_network” ，可以找到config.vm.network配置项。可以看到里面有个IP地址。我们查看一下我们本机的IP地址，命令如下：
ipconfig可以看到virtual box虚拟网卡的ip地址如下：