科学网|《自然》(20201022出版)一周论文导读( 四 )


医学Medicine
Immune-evasive human islet-like organoids ameliorate diabetes
屏蔽免疫系统的人胰岛类器官改善糖尿病
▲ 作者:Eiji Yoshihara, Carolyn O’Connor, Emanuel Gasser, Zong Wei, Tae Gyu Oh, Tiffany W. Tseng, Dan Wang, et al.
▲ 链接:
▲ 摘要
从干细胞中提取的胰岛有望作为胰岛素依赖性糖尿病的治疗手段 , 但实现这一目标仍面临挑战 。
在此 , 我们从诱导的多能干细胞中生成人胰岛样器官类(HILOs) , 并证明非典型WNT4信号驱动了强健的体外葡萄糖刺激胰岛素分泌所必需的代谢成熟 。 这些功能成熟的肝细胞含有内分泌样细胞类型 , 在移植后 , 能迅速恢复糖尿病NOD/SCID小鼠的葡萄糖稳态 。
免疫检查点蛋白程序性死亡配体1 (PD-L1)的过表达保护了HILO异种移植物 , 使免疫状态的糖尿病小鼠连续50天控制血糖 。 此外 , 干扰素在体外刺激可诱导内源性PD-L1表达 , 并限制T细胞的激活和移植物排斥反应 。
葡萄糖反应胰岛样有机体的产生能够屏蔽免疫系统 , 提供了一个有潜力替代依赖性方法治疗糖尿病的方式 。
▲ Abstract
Islets derived from stem cells hold promise as a therapy for insulin-dependent diabetes, but there remain challenges towards achieving this goal. Here we generate human islet-like organoids (HILOs) from induced pluripotent stem cells and show that non-canonical WNT4 signalling drives the metabolic maturation necessary for robust ex vivo glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. These functionally mature HILOs contain endocrine-like cell types that, upon transplantation, rapidly re-establish glucose homeostasis in diabetic NOD/SCID mice. Overexpression of the immune checkpoint protein programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) protected HILO xenografts such that they were able to restore glucose homeostasis in immune-competent diabetic mice for 50 days. Furthermore, ex vivo stimulation with interferon-γ induced endogenous PD-L1 expression and restricted T cell activation and graft rejection. The generation of glucose-responsive islet-like organoids that are able to avoid immune detection provides a promising alternative to cadaveric and device-dependent therapies in the treatment of diabetes.
编辑|宗华
排版|李言

不想错过科学网的推送?
喜欢本文?点赞 + 在看 支持一下!


推荐阅读