|研究:新冠病毒抗体可能在数月内消失
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本文标题:|研究:新冠病毒抗体可能在数月内消失
就在全球科学家积极研发新冠疫苗的时候 , 英国的一项研究发现 , 新冠肺炎患者体内的抗体会在数月内消失 , 而疫苗提供的抗体可能也会如此 , 这意味着人们无法通过一次性注射疫苗“一劳永逸” 。 更糟的是 , 新冠病毒可能会像感冒一样让人们每年重复感染 。
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A woman holds a small bottle labeled with a "Vaccine COVID-19" sticker and a medical syringe in this illustration taken April 10, 2020. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic
People who have recovered from Covid-19 may lose their immunity to the disease within months, according to research suggesting the virus could reinfect people year after year, like common colds.
一项研究显示 , 新冠肺炎患者康复后可能会在数月内失去对新冠病毒的免疫力 , 该研究指出 , 新冠病毒可能会和普通感冒一样让人们每年重复被感染 。
In the first longitudinal study of its kind, scientists analysed the immune response of more than 90 patients and healthcare workers at Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS foundation trust and found levels of antibodies that can destroy the virus peaked about three weeks after the onset of symptoms then swiftly declined.
在首个同类型纵向研究中 , 科学家分析了盖伊和圣托马斯国民健康保险信托基金会的90多名患者和医护人员的免疫反应 , 发现可以摧毁病毒的抗体水平在症状出现三周后达到高点 , 然后就迅速下降 。
Blood tests revealed that while 60% of people marshalled a “potent” antibody response at the height of their battle with the virus, only 17% retained the same potency three months later. Antibody levels fell as much as 23-fold over the period. In some cases, they became undetectable.
血液检测发现 , 尽管60%的人在和病毒作斗争时身体产生了“强有力的”抗体反应 , 但只有17%的人在三个月后还有同样强大的抗体 。 在此期间抗体水平下降到原来的24分之一 。 在某些情况下 , 甚至检测不到抗体 。
potent [potnt]: adj. 有效的;强有力的
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Screenshot from Guardian
"People are producing a reasonable antibody response to the virus, but it’s waning over a short period of time and depending on how high your peak is, that determines how long the antibodies are staying around,” said Dr Katie Doores, lead author on the study at King’s College London.
这项研究的首席作者、伦敦国王学院的凯蒂·多萝丝博士说:“人们会对病毒产生足够的抗体反应 , 但是抗体会在短时间内消退 , 消退早晚取决于最高点的抗体水平 , 这决定了抗体能在体内存留多久 。 ”
The immune system has multiple ways to fight the coronavirus but if antibodies are the main line of defence, the findings suggested people could become reinfected in seasonal waves and that vaccines may not protect them for long.
免疫系统有多种方式来抗击新冠病毒 , 但如果抗体是主要防线 , 该研究指出人们可能会在季节性疫情中被再次感染 , 疫苗也可能无法长时间保护他们 。
"Infection tends to give you the best-case scenario for an antibody response, so if your infection is giving you antibody levels that wane in two to three months, the vaccine will potentially do the same thing,” said Doores. “People may need boosting and one shot might not be sufficient.”
多萝丝说:“感染通常会让身体产生最强的抗体反应 , 所以如果感染后的抗体水平在两到三个月后消退 , 疫苗可能也会如此 。 人们也许需要加强针 , 一针可能不够 。 ”
Early results from the University of Oxford have shown that the coronavirus vaccine it is developing produces lower levels of antibodies in macaques than are seen in humans infected with the virus. While the vaccine appeared to protect the animals from serious infection, they still became infected and may have been able to pass on the virus.
牛津大学的早期研究结果显示 , 牛津正在研发的新冠病毒疫苗在猕猴体内产生的抗体水平比感染新冠病毒的人类体内的抗体水平更低 。 尽管该疫苗似乎能保护动物免于发展为重症 , 但是动物依然会被感染 , 或许还能传播病毒 。
macaque [mkk]: n. 猕猴 , 恒河猴;短尾猿
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